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All strains in the material are constant or mechanical deformation is blocked in any direction. | ![]() |
All stresses on material are constant or no external forces. | |
| Electrodes are perpendicular to 3 axes. Relative dielectric constant ($3s/$0). |
Electrodes are perpendicular to 1 axis. Relative dielectric constant ($1T/$0). |
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| Stress or strain is equal in all directions perpendicular to 3 axis | ![]() |
Stress or strain is in shear from around 2 axis. | ||
| Electromechanical coupling factor | Electrodes are perpendicular to 1 axis. Electromechanical coupling factor. |
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Hydrostatic stress or stress is applied equally in all directions. Electrodes are perpendicular to 3 axis (Ceramics). | ![]() |
Applied stress, or piezoelectrically induces strain is in 3 direction. | |
| Piezoelectric charge coefficient. | Electrodes are perpendicular to 3 axis. Piezoelectric charge coefficient. |
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Applied stress, or the piezoelectrically induced strain in shear form around 2 axis. | ![]() |
Applied stress, or the piezoelectrically induced strain is in the 1 direction. | |
| Electrodes are perpendicular to 1 axis. Piezoelectric voltage coefficient. |
Electrodes are perpendicular to 3 axis. Piezoelectric voltage coefficient. |
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Compliance is measured with closed circuit. | ![]() |
Compliance is measured with open circuit. | |
| Stress or strain is shear around 3 direction. Strain or stress is in 3 direction Elastic compliance. |
Stress or strain is in 1 direction. Strain or stress is in 1 direction Elastic compliance. |
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